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< English Wordbook

trStaff E of the English Wordbook.

Basic abbreviations: att'd=attested, OE=Old English, NHG=New High German, Du.=Dutch

For a full list of etymological and other abbreviations used in these wordlists, see Forshortenings.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z



English Word
Class
Anglish
Attested Not attested
eager adj keen, hungry, yearnsome -
eagle n - arn/ern (<OE earn)
ease n allaying, soothing, freedom from, smoothness, frith of mind, sweetness of life, straightforwardness eath (Scots, from A-S)
ease vb allay, unburden, unlade, smoothen, sooth, quell -
easy adj eathy, soft, light -
eau de toilette n bogwater (New English) -
ebony adj & n black, blackwood -
ebullition n outburst, flare-up, blowup, frothing -
eccentric adj crazy, flaky, freakish, kooky, nutty, queer, quirky, sunderling, weird -
eccentric n - sunderling (calque from Du. zonderling, NHG Sonderling)
ecclesiastical adj churchly, church -
echo n - witherclank
eclipse v & n behide, behiding forshadowing
economics n - thriftlore, wealthlore, husbandry, alhusbandry
economy n thrift, sparesomeness, wealthdom householding (cf. Du. huishouding), householddom (loan translation of Grk Oikonomia and NHG Wirtschaft)
ecosystem n - lifeweb, lifeworld
ecstatic adj athrill, upbeat, beside oneself wended on (turned on)
ecumenopolis n - alworldburg, alborough
edelweiss n - athelwhite
edible adj - eatingly, eatbere
edifice n building outwork (<OE geweorc)
edify vb - intimber (<OE intimbrian)
edifying adj enlightening, teaching, uplifting, mindworthy -
edit vb by-draft bework (cf. Du. bewerken, NHG bearbeiten)
edition n - outgive (cf. NHG Ausgabe), forlay, run, putting-out, forthsending, uplay (cf. NHG Auflage)
educate vb teach lere (<OE læran, cf. Du. leren, NHG lehren)

atee (<OE ateon; cf. NHG erziehen)

belearn

educated adj learned, lorefast, lered -
education n learning, teaching lorecraft
educator n teacher ateer (cf. NHG Erzieher), leerer
educe vb outbring bespell
effervescent adv bubbling, bubbly, lively, frothing -
effect n outworking, uphit, inhit -
effeminate adj - argy (cf. ON argr), argish
effort n work, tew -
effrontery n barenebedness, shamelessness, unashamedness -
e.g. abbrev. - f.b., 'for busen' or 'for byspell' (cf. NHG z.B., zum Beispiel)
egalitarianism n evenfaith, evendom -
ego n - I/me, pride
egocentric adj selfish -
egoism n - selfishdom, selflustdom, selfseekdom
egotism n selfishness, selflove, selflust, selfseeking, overweeningness -
egregious adj glaring(ly bad), outstanding -
egressive adj outflowing -
Egypt n - Two Narrows
Egypt, Ancient n - Blackland, Bankland
ejaculate vb - indrive (<OE indrífan)
eject vb throw out, outthrow -
elaborate adj - overwrought
elastic adj rubbery stretchingly
elate vb uplift, stir up -
elect(politics) vb choose/wale (as leader) -
election n choosing, leadership poll coreness (<OE corennes)
electric adj - sparkwork (an electrician is often called a 'sparky')

glarum (<OE glærum ... dat. pl. for amber)

electrician n - sparksmith
electricity n - sparkflow, wattflow, thunderflow, thundermight, thundersprack, ghostfire (Icl.)
electron n - amberling, glarumod (glarum+od ... see talk)
elegant(ce) n/adj trim(ness), upheaded(ness) smicker (<OE smicer)
element n - firststuff, shaftroot
elephant n - elp, armnoser, limbnoser
elevate vb uppen, hoist, lift, lift up, heave up, raise aloofen
elevation n height, loftiness, heaving -
elevator n lift -
elite n (the) chosen, (the) chosen few, (the) chosen standing, picky group (social elite:) swelldom
elite adj picky -
ellipse n - ringshadow, wheelshadow
elocution n - thylecraft
elongate vb lengthen -
eloquent adj smooth spoken, silvery speech, silver-tongued, spoken readily, well-spoken swotel spoken
leetherfast (from OE hléoðrian, to speak), cwethskilled/queathskilled, cwethfast/queathfast (<OE cweðan, to speak)
email n/vb - wirewrit(e)
emanate vb - forthstep (<OE forðstæppan)
emasculate vb unman -
embarrass vb faze -
embody vb inbody, inflesh -
embrace vb fathom hug, beclip, bearm, umgripe
embroidery n needlework, needlecraft -
embryo n - wightbloom, womb-berry
emerge vb arise, unwhelm, forthcome kythe, forthkythe
emigrant n - outcomer, outwanderer
eminence n hill, knoll, link, mound, barrow, hurst, down, wold -
emissary n - offsent (cf. NHG Abgesandte)
emit vb forthsend, give out, send out, shine, give off, outsend -
emotion n feeling, heartfeeling -
emotional adj heartfelt -
emotional phr full of feeling -
empathy n fellow-feel, samefeel -
emperor n - highking (cf. Manx ard-ree), Kiser, overlord
emphasize vb underscore, highlight -
empire n - rickdom (<OE ricedom, cf. OHG rihhituom), highkingdom (see "emperor"), oneweald/onewald (<OE anweald), rike, ryk, caserdom, kyserdom
empiricism n - afaringslore (calque of NHG Erfahrungslehre)
employ(ed) vb hire(ed) -
employee n underling, hireling, worker, staff -
employer n hirer workgiver (cf. Du. werkgever)
employment n hirehood -
empress n - highqueen (cf. Manx ard-venrein)
emulate vb likedo, underfollow (att'd) -
emulsion n forblending -
en- pref um/em-, in-, on-, be- -
enable vb - canen, mayen
enact vb - umdo, emdo
en mass adv in bulk -
en route phrase on the way -
enchant vb spellbind, bewitch -
enchantment n spell, hex -
enchantress n witch -
encircle vb begird, beclip, beset umring
enclose vb hem umfold
inbeshut
enclosure n haw, pen, paddock, field, yard -
encompass vb - begird (att'd; <OE begyrdan)
encounter vb meet -
encourage vb hearten on, mood on, foster, upprop, feed, help, egg on, goad, spur, will on beld (<OE bieldan)
encroachment n inroads -
encryption n - forkeying
encumber vb block, burden, hinder -
encumbrance n burden, hindering -
encyclopedia n wisdombook, allfrodwrit alkenbook
endeavour vb undertake, seek inbework
endeavour n ettle, undertaking -
endoplasmic reticulum n (biol) - lifebrick net, lifebrick web
endow v begift -
endure vb hold out, thole, dree, abear, withstand, undergo, bear, keep on, put up with, hold through, stand through, bear through adree (<OE ādrēogan)
edurance n - adreeing
outholdingness, throughholdingness, throughbearingness, throughstandingness
enemy n fiend, foe -
energy n - dodrive, inwork (calque), spring, drive, go, might, tirelessness, unweariness, unwaningness, trim, workmight, inmight, workstrength
energy phr get-up and go, might and main -
enervate vb unman, weaken, unsettle, faze -
engaged adj betrothed -
engine n gearwork, iron horse spincraft, wendcraft
enigma n riddle, brainteaser, hidden meaning -
enjoyment n fun brooking (<OE brucan), neeting (<OE neotan, cf. NHG genießen)
enlarge vb swell, greaten forgreaten (cf. NHG vergrößern)
enmity n fiendship, foehood -
ennui n listlessness, boredom, doldrums, dullness, flatness, lifelessness, life-weariness, weariness, wanfeelingness -
enrich vb - wellow (<OE weligian "to enrich", derived from welig "rich, wealthy")
enrichment n - wellowing (see above)
ensnare vb - swarl
ensue vb follow, come after -
ensure vb sicker forberrow (for + berrow <OE beorgan "to save"; cf. NHG verbürgen)
enter vb go into, come into, begin, infare -
enter (data entry) vb input, key in feed (cf. Fin. syöttää)
enterprise n undertaking thede
entheogen n - godenlivener, godinlivener
enthusiasm n - faith-heat, bedrivenness, listfulness, lustfulness, fele(lust/list)
entice vb draw to, spur, goad, sweet talk forlead (<OE forlǽdan, cf. NHG verleiten)
entire adj whole -
entirely adv outright, wholly -
entirety n whole, fullness all-hood
entrance n way in ingang, infaring
entry n coming in, going in, in-going, way, way in, threshold, infaring -
entrance vb bewitch -
entrepreneur n businessman/woman -
enumerate vb - tell out (cf. NLG uttellen, NHG auszählen), sum up (cf Du. opsommen)
envelop vb - bewrap, overspread
envelope n wrapper overspread, errandwritholder, umfang, infolder
envious adj - nithfull, lustfull
environment n - lifescape, setting
umwhirft (<OE 'ymbhwyrft')
lifeworld (cf. NHG Lebenswelt, Du levenswereld)
envision vb foretell, foresee mindsee
envy vb - evest (<OE æfest)
nithe (hatred)
envy, malice n green-eyedness evest, nithe
envy adj green-eyed -
enzyme n - yeaster, yeastuff
ephemeral adj fleeting, short-lived dwimmerly, dwimmerlike
epic n saga held (<OE hæleþ)
epic adj awesome held
epicentrum n - middleord, quakebeginning, quakeheart
epilepsy n falling sickness (att'd) brothfall
epilogue n - end-speech, endwrit, afterthought, aftertale, afterword, last words, last thing, end tale, wind up
epiphany n - sweetling (<OE sweotolung), atewing
Epiphany (liturgy) n - Sweetlingday (<OE sweotolungdæg), Atewmas (after Christmas, Candlemas, etc.)
epistemology n - orwitlore
epithet n - byword, byname, nickname
Epsom salts n - bitter salts
equal adj even, alike, same, evenworthy, sameworthy
equal n match -
equality n evenhood, evenness, sameness, fairness, evenworth, sameworth -
equalness n samehood, draw, tie, deadlock, deadheat -
equanimity n - evenmood
equate vb - besame, sameset
equation n - likening (cf. Nynorsk likning, NHG Gleichung), besaming, bematching
equator n - evener (cf. Fr. 'evener', Du. 'evenaar')
midring, girdlering
equidistant adj midway, evenfar -
equines n horse, steed, ass, mare, broodmare, drafthorse, foal, gelding, stot -
equinox n - evennight (<OE efenniht)
equip vb graith, (be)gear, fit (out), gear up, outfit, rig up, beweapon -
equipment n gear, graith -
equitable adj fair -
equivalent adj crossmatching, worthwhile -
equivalent n crossmatch, match, samehood -
era n timespan, time, world -
eradicate vb - forspill, upalock [past upaloke, ppt upaloken] (<OE úpálúcan), benothing, nothingen, kill, uproot, root out, wipe out
erase vb rub out, outrub, kill, wipe out -
eraser n rubber -
erect n upright -
erect vb rear, raise, set up, lift up, uprighten aheave [ahove, ahoven] (<OE ahebban)
erection n hardon, uprighting, building
ergo conj & adv therefore, thus
forthy (att'd < OE for + thy, the instrumental form of the article)
-
erinacine n hedgehog hedgepig, furze-pig
eritrocyte n red bloodmote -
erotic adj lovely, lewd, kinky -
err vb wander dwole (<OE dwolian, cf Du dwalen)
error n wrong, dwild dwild (<OE), dwole (<OE dwola), dwoleship (<OE dwolscip), slip, slip-up, mistake
erupt vb blow up, break out, burst out upblow (<OE úpábláwan),
eruption n outburst, outbreak -
escape vb break free, flee, get away, break out, break away withfare (<OE wiþfaran)
othshake (<OE oþscacan)
losy (<OE losian)
othshoot (<OE oþsceotan)
othrin/othrun (<OE oþrinnan)
escape by rowboat vb - othrow (<OE oþrowan)
escape by swimming vb - othswim (<OE oþswimman)
escape n breakout, getaway, fleeing, breaking free, breakaway -

especially

adv namely sundrily (cf. OE syndriglice), besunders (cf. NHG besonders, Du in het bijzonder)
moreso, above all
essay n - spellwrit, lorewriting, lorewise writing
essence n nub, heart, kernel, pith, being, whatness, broth wist (<OE)
essential adj key, foremost -
essentially adv & phr mostly, all but, all-in-all, as good as, as much as, mainly, at heart, in itself, on the whole, really, uterrly, well-nigh -
establish vb build, begin, settle, install, set up staddle (<OE staðolian)
established adj longstanding staddled
establishment n body, steadyhood staddling
esteem vb - eight (<OE eahtian, cf. Du./NHG achten)
estimate vb & n guess, forecast, looking at, roughcast shatting (<OE sceatt, cf. Du. schatting, NHG Schätzung, Swed. skattning)
upshatting (cf. Swed. uppskattning)
estimation n - shatting (<OE sceatt, cf. Du. schatting, NHG Schätzung, Swed. skattning)
upshatting (cf. Swed. uppskattning)
estuary n mouth, firth, inlay -
esurient adj hungry, greedy -
et al(ia) phr and others -
et cetera phr and so on, and so forth, and the like, and others, and what-not -
etc. abbrev. a.s.f. (and so forth), a.s.o. (and so on) -
eternal adj ay, everlasting -
ether n - swail (<OE swegl)
ethic n - god-walk, lief-walk, awefast-walk
ethnic group n folkstock -
ethnic minority n - outlandish fellowship
etymology n - truewordlore, wordbirthlore, sothwudlore
eu- n - bet- ("good" <PG *bataz, cf. "better," "best)
eucalyptus n gumtree -
eucalyptus pilularis n - flintwood
eugenics n - goodkinth, goodkinthdom
eukaryote n - wholekerneling (calque from Icelandic "heilkjörnungar"), pithaving
euphemism n - hullword (NHG Hüllwort), nicetalk, mellowspeak, mildname
euphoria n good-feeling well-at-burden
Europe n - Eveningland, Evenland, Eveland, Quildland (quild "evening" <OE cwild(tid) + land, cf. High Ic. Kvöldland and NHG Abendland "Occident"), broadfaceland
euthanasia n - freedeath, gooddeath
evacuate vb empty -
evade vb dodge, sidestep -
evaluate vb - bedeem, bereckon, beworthen, think over, weigh up, look carefully at, sift through
evaluation n - bedeeming (calque from Dan. bedømme), bereckoning, beworthening worthreckoning, worthening
evangelism n holy errand -
event n happening, hap -
eventually adv in time, in the end outendly ( cf. Du. uiteindelijk
evidence n word, witness, truth of bewise ( cf. Du. bewijs )
evince vb - becouthe
evocative adj mindful eftminding
evoke vb awake, call forth, call up, bring to mind, stir up, kindle again -
evolution n unfolding, growth forblooming, forblowing
evolve vb unfold, grow, turn into forbloom, forblow
ex– prefix ere-, fore-, or- -
exaggerate vb overplay, overdo overdrive (calque of many Germanic languages)
exaggeration n - overblowing, whid, overdriving
exalt vb

upabraid [past upabrowd, ppt upabrowden] (<OE úpábregdan)

lift

uplift

heighten

aheave (<OE ahebban)
examine vb go over, con underseek/underseech (<OE undersecan, cf. NHG untersuchen)
example n - bisen (<OE bysen), byspell (<OE bispell, cf. NHG Beispiel), lodestar, loadstar, forbus, forbuild (cf. Du. voorbeeld, W.Fris. foarbyld)
example (for) n thus for bisen, for byspell
exaptation n kludging -
exasperate vb embitter, irk -
excavate n delve, unearth, hollow out, dig up -
excavation n delving, unearthing, digging up -
exceed vb - overgo, overshoot, outstrip, overstep, overreach, overstride
excel vb - overtop
excellent adj swell forepully
except prep but, other than -
exception n standout, outstander, outtake -
exceptional adj outstanding -
excessive adj overmuch, steep, sharp, rank overdeedly ( cf. Du. overdadig )
excessively adv overly -
exchange vb swap, wrixle -
excise vb snithe, cut out -
excite vb upedge, thrill, key up upwake ( cf. Du. opwekken ) upwind ( cf. Du. opwinden )
exclude vb outshut -
excommunication vb - amansing (<OE ámánsumung)
excoriate vb chide, flay, scathe through -
excrement n - shittle (<OE scytel)
excursion n outing -
excuse vb forgive offsake (<Ic. 'af-saka')
ex-directory adj unlisted -
execute vb kill, quell, slay -
executioner n hangman, deathman, headsman, headman -
exercise vb work out aven (cf. Du. oeveren, NHG üben)
exert vb put forth -
exhale vb breathe out athom (<OE ǽðmian)
exhaust vb overwork, wear out, forspend, tire -
exhausted adj tired, weary, worn out, drained, overtired, work-wearied, fordone, windless -
exhaustive adj all-out -
exhaustive adj thoroughgoing groundly ( cf. Du. grondig NHG gründlich )
exhibit vb show -
exhume vb dig up, unearth -
exile vb send away, outlaw, blackball, blacklist -
exile n outcast, outlaw, castaway, banling -
exist vb be, live bestand (<OE gestandan; cf. NHG 'bestehen', Du 'bestaan'), forelie (cf. NHG vorliegen)
existence n life, lifetime ishood, wist (<OE wist), being, issomeness,hereness, witsith
existent adj - wesand (<OE), forelying (cf. NHG vorliegend), issome
exit n way out, outway outgang ( cf. Du. uitgang NHG ausgang )
exit vb leave, move out of, go out forlet ( cf. Du. verlaten NHG verlassen )
exotic vb outlandish elthedish, farlandish
expand vb broaden

greaten

swell

spread (out)

bloat

widen

athen (<OE aþenian/aþennan "to stretch out, expand," a compounded form of þennan "to stretch," cf. NHG dehnen, Du. dennen, ON þenja, L tendere)

upabraid

outbraid/braid out (cf. Du. uitbreiden)

forgreat (cf. Du. vergroten)

awider (cf. NHG erweitern)

expanse n spread outstretched (cf. Du uitgestrekt )
expect vb wait (sb/sth) through (separable), await, ween forwait (cf. Du. verwachten)
expectation n waiting-for (William Tyndale) throughwait, brighthope
expectorate vb spit -
expedient n makeshift, stopgap -
expedite vb hurry, quicken -
expedition n ladenfare, outing, outfooting -
expeditious adj fast, quick, swift, speedy -
expel vb drive out, throw out fordrive (<OE fordrifan, cf. NHG vertreiben, Du verdrijven)
expenditure(s) n outgoing(s), dole out(s) -
expenses n overheads, dole outs -
expensive adj dear, dearbought, unthrifty -
experience vb undergo, go through, uplive afare [afore, afaren] (cf. NHG erfahren, Du ervaren), fand
experience n bad: ordeal afanding
experienced adj/ppt - afaren (cf. NHG erfahren, Du ervaren)
experiment n/vb fand fanding (cf. OE afundennes)
expert n dab -
expertise n know-how, skill -
expiate vb atone -
expiration date n sell-by holdberenessdate (calque of NHG Haltbarkeitsdatum)
explain vb tell thoroughly of, unravel, unriddle, speak out, bespeak, atell sweetle (<OE sweotolian)
explanation n atelling sweetling (<OE sweotolung)
explicit n outfold -
explode vb burst, toburst, blow up -
exploit vb overwork -
explore vb - aseek [asought, asought] (<OE asecan)
explorer n pathfinder, foregoer, forerunner, groundbreaker -
explosive n - fireshot (from "shotfirer"), tinderstuff, blasttinder, springstuff, firespringer, burster
exponent n - mightscore
exponentiate vb - mightsraise, mightsforheave (cf. Du. machtsverheffen)
export vb outsend, outbear -
expose vb bare -
exposé n bewraying, naked truth -
exposition n - outstelling (cf. NHG ausstellung)
expound vb flesh out -
express vb - outthrutch (calque of NHG ausdrücken [out- + thrutch <OE þryccan], cf. Du. uitdrukken, Dan. udtrykke, Norw. uttrykke, Swed. uttrycka)

awring [past awrang, ppt awrung] (<OE awringan), swettle, outthrimp, utter, tell out

expression n - swettling; sainess, sayness (<OE gesegnes, cf Du. gezegde)
expulsion n outcast, driving out, throwing out, banning -
extant adj lasting, still-living, still being, still going, keeping on -
extend vb lengthen

outstretch

stretch (out)

athen (<OE aþenian/aþennan "to stretch out, expand," a compounded form of þennan "to stretch," cf. NHG dehnen, Du. dennen, ON þenja, L tendere)

outbraid/braid out (cf. Du. uitbreiden)

forgreat (cf. Du. vergroten)

awider (cf. NHG erweitern)

extend for vb span -
extension n furthering -
extensive adj far-reaching, farflung, fulsome, sweeping, wide, widespread, broad, great, bounding, no-end-of, deep -
extensively adv fulsomely, wholesale -
extent n length, breadth, reach -
exterior adj outer -
exterior n outside -
exterminate vb wipe out, kill all -
external adj outward, outer -
extinct adj dead, gone, lost -
extinction n passing-way, death, death knell, doom, knell, wiping out -
extinguish vb Douse, dout, put out acwench (<OE ácwencan), adrech (<OE ádrysnan)
extra adj spare, more, more other(s), more else, othermore -
extra time n overtime -
extract vb take out, draw out, pull out, pluck, unearth, harvest, worm out -
extraordinary adj amazing, geason -
extraterrestrial adj unearthly, outearthly -
extravagance n wanthrift -
extreme adj utmost, uphighly outermost (Indo-European cognate)
extrinsic adj outborn, outly -
extroverted adj outgoing outwardsome
exuberant adj outgoing, sparkling -
exultation n glee highting (<OE hyhting)
exuviate vb shed, cast off, slough -
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