English Wordbook/D
Talk37
755pages on
this wiki
this wiki
< English Wordbook
Staff D of the English Wordbook.
| English | Word Class | Anglish | ||
| Attested | Not attested | |||
| dairy | n | milkhouse | deyhouse | |
| damage | n | harm | - | |
| damage | vb | wreck, fordo, shend | - | |
| damaged | adj | broken, dented, unsound | - | |
| damaging | adj | harmful, hurtful, baleful, baneful | - | |
| damn | vb | forordeal (forordealt-forordealt, cf. Du. veroordelen, NHG verurteilen) | ||
| damnation | n | ordeal (cf. NHG Urteil) | ||
| dance | v | strut, twist | tumb, wirl | |
| danger(ous) | n/adj | plight(ful), threat(ening) | freech(ful (<OE fréĉen) | |
| data | n | put, rawput, worth(s) | ongift(s), meteworth(s) Givele, metele, metebit , Givens (calque. Latin data < datum, plural pp. of 'to give' ) | |
| database | n | putbank | - | |
| dative (case) | n | forgivingly, giver namefall | ||
| daub | vb | spread, besmear | - | |
| de- | pref | un- | and- (<OE and-, cf. Fries. and-) | |
| deadline | n | - | frist (cf. NHG Frist) | |
| dear | n | beloved, darling, dear, drout, lief, love | - | |
| debatable | adj | moot | - | |
| debut | n | beginning, coming-out, first showing | fanding (<OE fandian: to try, experience) | |
| decade | n | - | tenyear | |
| decapitate | vb | behead | - | |
| decay | v | rot, wane, wither | abreeth | |
| deceased | adj | dead | - | |
| deceive | vb | swike, mislead, forlead, fop, outwit | - | |
| December | n | - | Ereyule | |
| decent | adj | good, upstanding, befitting | daven, thewly | |
| decentralization | n | - | outkerneling | |
| deception | n | swiking, beswikening, misleading of, falsehood, clouding, cunning, darkening, hoodwinking, snow job | - | |
| decide | vb | choose, settle on, make up one's mind, reckon out, bychoose, shut through | betake beshut (cf. Du. besluiten) | |
| decision | n | choice, settle-on, onsettling, reckon-out, outreckoning, bychoice | throughshut, beshut | |
| decisive | adj | all-out, out-and-out, outright, straight-out, telling | - | |
| declaration | n | - | atueness (<OE ætywnys) | |
| declare | vb | - | spell out | |
| declination | n | dwining, dwindling | forbowing | |
| decline | vb | dwine, dwindle, wane, fordwine, slump, lessen, weaken, flag, downgrow, down off, nether off | forbow (<OE forbugan) | |
| decoction | n | - | Hell's broth(infernal); | |
| decorate | vb | deck, bedeck, beset, bestud, trim, tool, gild | - | |
| decrease | vb | shrink, lower, wane, lessen | thwine (<OE þwínan) | |
| decree | vb | - | astight (<OE ástihtan), law-bode | |
| decrepit | vb | timeworn | - | |
| dedicate | vb | - | beteach (<OE betǽcan) | |
| de facto | adj/adv | - | in deed | |
| defame | vb | file, shend, besmirch, befile | unbreme | |
| default | n | flaw | - | |
| defeat | n | loss, licking, drubbing | netherlay, netherthrow | |
| defeat | vb | beat, overcome, overrun, overwhelm, overthrow | netherlay, netherthrow | |
| defecate | vb | drite, shite (obscene) | - | |
| defect | n | - | asprungness (<OE asprungennes) | |
| defend | vb | bestand, ward, fend | - | |
| defenestrate | vb | throw out | outwindow | |
| defense | n | weir, warding, fending | - | |
| deficiency | n | lack, shorthood | - | |
| deficient | adj | wanting, missing, lacking | - | |
| deficit | n | shortfall | undermuch, undermuchhood | |
| defile | vb | befile, besmite, befoul, sully | andhallow | |
| define | vb | mark, nail-tailed, narrow, set out, mark off | - | |
| deform | vb | misshape, unshape | - | |
| deformed | adj | misshapen, crippled, ill-made, ill-shaped, misbegotten, twisted, thrawn | - | |
| deformity | n | misshapenness | - | |
| defragment | vb | cleave, misbreak | - | |
| defraud | vb | swindle | - | |
| defrost | vb | thaw | - | |
| defy | vb | thwart, withstand, hold, dare | - | |
| degrade | vb | bemean, nether, beneathen, below | - | |
| degree | n | - | mete, height, reach, rung, stair, stand, standing, strength | |
| deicide | vb | - | godslaughter, godmurder | |
| deify | vb | begod (att'd) | - | |
| deity | n | god | - | |
| Deism | n | - | Godtroth | |
| delay | n | lag, holdup | - | |
| delay | vb | stall, forestall, tarry | - | |
| delete(tion) | vb/n | bleep(ing) | forwipe(ing), calque of Latin de- (from, away) and -linere (to smear, to wipe) | |
| deliberate | adj | willful, meaningful | - | |
| deliberate(tion) | vb/n | - | embthreed(ing) (<OE ymbþreodian) | |
| delicious | adj | belickly, licksome | - | |
| delight | n | gladness, lust | queemness | |
| delightful | adj | bewitching, witching, thrilling, enthralling, taking, lovely, fair, good, heavenly, winsome, dainty, toothsome | queemness | |
| delirious | adj | bewildered, mind-wandering, dwale | - | |
| delude | vb | mislead | - | |
| deluge | n | flood, rainstorm, cloudburst, overflowing, drenching | "The Deluge" The Flood, Sinflood | |
| delusion | n | misbelief | - | |
| demeanour | n | jib | - | |
| dementia | n | madness, mindloss | - | |
| demilitarized | adj | unweaponed | - | |
| demise | n | - | hengang (< OE hingang, "a going hence, departure, death"; Cf. NHG Hingang, "death, demise") | |
| democracy | n | - | folkship (<OE folkscipe) | |
| demodulation | n | - | backrighting | |
| demograph | n | folk outline | - | |
| demolish | vb | tear down, forspill | - | |
| demolition | n | forspilling, wipeout, tear-down, downtear | - | |
| demon | n | fiend, hellfiend, mare | orc (<OE) egleche (<OE áglæca) | |
| demonstrate | vb | kithe, show, forshow, show-how | - | |
| dendrite | n | - | sinewtwig | |
| dendrochronology | n | - |
tree-ring-timetelling (loan-oversetting of Ic. trjáhringjatímatal) | |
| denial | n | - | andsake | |
| denigrate(tion) | vb/n | slight(ing), belittle, beswart, blackwash, downcast | - | |
| denote | n | betoken | - | |
| dénouement | n | unravelling | - | |
| dense | adj | thick | - | |
| density | n | - | huddle
thickhood (cf. Fris. tichtheid, Du. dichtheid, Swe. täthet, Norw. tetthet) | |
| dentist | n | - | toothleech (cf. Dan. tandlæge) | |
| denude | vb | unclothe, strip | - | |
| deny | vb | gainsay, naysay, withhold | asake | |
| deodorant | n | - | missreeker, reekkiller | |
| deoxyribonucleic acid | n | - | lifetwine | |
| depart | vb | afare, go away, leave, outfare, outgo, set off, set out, put forth | wite (<OE wítan) to go, go away, depart, perish, vanish | |
| departing | n & adj | leaving, waygoing, outward-bound, outbound | afaring, witing | |
| department | n | - | offdealing, bedealing | |
| depend | vb | hang, hinge on, rest on, trust in | onhang, onhinge | |
| dependance | n | - | onhanginess, offhanginess | |
| dependent | adj | - | hingey, onhang(-y/-some) | |
| depict | vb | show | - | |
| depreciate | vb | cheapen, lessen, write off | underworthe | |
| depression | n | moodsink, blues, downer, downheartedness, glumness, woefulness | netherhithood (cf. NHG niedergeschlagenheit), downhitness, moodlessness | |
| deprivation | n | 1. lack, want 2. bereaving | - | |
| deprive (of) | vb | bereave, strip | benim; beshear | |
| deracinate | vb | uproot | - | |
| deranged | adj | crazed, mad, moonstruck, unhinged | wood | |
| deregulation | n | - | unreding | |
| derive | vb | come from, bring from, spring from, stem from, draw off from | ord from | |
| dermatology | n | - | skinlore, hidelore | |
| dermis | n | skin, hide, rind, hackle | - | |
| descend | vb | fall, slope, bear | nethergo | |
| descendent | n | offspring, offshoot | afterbear (by analogy to forebear), aftercomer, afterling | |
| descent | n | downcoming, downgoing | nethergoing | |
| describe | vb | tell of, speak of, outline, set forth, set out, inword | bewrite (NHG beschreiben) | |
| description | n | bewriting, tale, inwording, drawing | - | |
| desecrate | vb | unhallow | - | |
| desert | vb | leave, forsake | - | |
| desert | n | dustbowl | dryland | |
| deserving | adj | meedful, worthy | - | |
| design | vb/n | lay out, draft, outline, set out | - | |
| designate | vb | betoken, mark, earmark, show, call, name | - | |
| desinfectant | n | - | withersmite | |
| desire | vb | crave, wish, lust, yearn, long, hanker (for, after), list | - | |
| desirous | adj | wishful, longing | weening (<OE wenan) | |
| desolate | adj | barren | unbeheld | |
| despair | n | hopelessness, wanhope |
forthought | |
| despair | vb. | - | (to) hope-yearn
forthink (< OE) Ortrow/Ortrew (OE < ortreowe) Orween (OE < orwen) | |
| desperate | adj | shakeneedy, hopeless, forlorn |
hope-yearn(ing/ful) Ortrowly/Ortrowly (OE - see 'despair') Unweenly (OE < unwen) | |
| despondency | n | - | atsprungness (<OE ætsprungnes) | |
| despise | vb | behate, loathe | forhate (cf Norwegian forhatt) | |
| despite | prep | although | notwithstanding | |
| dessert | n | afters, pudding, sweet | - | |
| destine | vb | tee, set up to happen | - | |
| destiny | n | lot | elderlay (<OE ealdorlegu) | |
| destroy | vb | fordo, forspill, forlese (past -lore, pp. -lorn), smite, wreck, wrack, wipe out, tear down | towarp (<OE toweorp) | |
| destruction | vb | fordoing, forlesing, smiting, wrecking, wracking, tearing, tearing down, fornime | - | |
| detail | n | tinymark, speckmark | - | |
| detective | n | sleuth, bloodhound | - | |
| deteriorate | vb | worsen | - | |
| determine | vb | name, settle; root out, track down | - | |
| detest | vb | hate, loathe | - | |
| detrimental | n | harmful, scatheful | - | |
| devalue | vb | cheapen | downworthen | |
| develop | vb | grow, build, unfold, unwrap | - | |
| developed, poorly | adj | wan-thriven | - | |
| development | n | becoming, unfolding, growth, blooming, blossoming, futhering, spreading, unfolding, upshot, upbuilding | - | |
| developmental | adj | becomesome, growthsome, building, building up, flowering, greatening, outgrowing, raising, readying, futhering, upgrowing, unfolding, waxing | - | |
| devious | adj | underhand | - | |
| devolve | vb | - | netherwend | |
| devote | vb | betake | - | |
| devour | vb | eat, eat up, fret, fret up, gobble up, wolf down | forswallow (<OE forswelgan) | |
| dexterity | n | deftness, sleight | handwitness | |
| dexterous | adj | deft | handwit, handskillful, handcrafty | |
| diabolic | n | devilish | - | |
| diacritic | n | mark | - | |
| diagonal | adj | aslant, slanted, slanting, sloped, sloping, aslope | - | |
| dialect | n | - | byleid | |
| diameter | n | - | straightspan, wreathwidth | |
| diameter, inner | n | inner: bore outer: girth | - | |
| diamond | n | - | hardore, hardestore, hardorestuff, hardestorestuff | |
| diaphanous | adj | sheer | - | |
| diarrhoea | n | skitter, the runs | - | |
| diary | n | daybook | - | |
| diaspora | n | - | forsplitting, the wanderings, spreading out of, the earth-walking of | |
| dictator(ship) | n | - | overlord(ship) | |
| dictionary | n | wordbook | - | |
| diet | n | foodline | - | |
| difference | n | unlikeness | dealing (cf. OE gedál) shedding (cf. OE tóscéad) sundriness beshedness therness | |
| different | adj | unlike, unsame, forshed (cf. NHG verschieden) |
missen (<OE missen), sundry | |
| different | adv | other, otherwise | sundrily | |
| differentiate (inc. mathematics) | vb. | beshed/beshade, toshed, besunder | - | |
| differentiation (mathematics) | n. | beshedcraft/beshadecraft, toshedcraft, besundercraft | - | |
| differently | adv | otherwise | sunderly | |
| difficult | adj | hard, tough, unyielding, burdensome | - | |
| diffident | adj | shy | - | |
| digit | n | finger, toe | - | |
| digital | adj | scorely | bitly | |
| dignity | n | worth, selfworth | - | |
| digress | n | - | umbsweep (<OE ymbswæpe) | |
| dilapidated | adj | downtrodden | - | |
| dilate | v | - | abreed (<OE abreoþan) | |
| diligent | adj | - | nerd nerdledging (<OE cneordlǣcan) heedfast | |
| diminish | vb | lessen, lower, wane, dwindle, dwine, fordwine | - | |
| diminutive | adj | tiny, impish, small, little | - | |
| diminutive | n | let | - | |
| dimorphism | n | twoshapenness | - | |
| diningroom | n | - | buttern (<OE beotern - table-room.) | |
| dinner | n | supper | - | |
| dinosaur | n | - | bulkwight, forebird | |
| diocese | n | - | bishopric, bishopshire | |
| diploma | n | - | lore sickernote | |
| direct | adj | rode, straight, straightforward, unbending, head-on, forthright, open, outspoken | - | |
| direct | vb | lead, steer, beward, beright, right | wees (<OE wisian) | |
| direction | n | wending, warding, wardedness (backmade from -ward in toward, backward etc.) (adverbially) -ward: sameward, "in the same direction," otherward, "in the other direction" | - | |
| directory | n | - | threadlist | |
| dis- | pref | mis- | and- (<OE and-, cf. NHG ent-) | |
| disable | vb | cripple, afounder, to make lame | - | |
| disabled | adj | handicapped, lame, halt | - | |
| disadvantage | n | drawback, downside | - | |
| disadvantaged | adj | handicapped, hindered | - | |
| disappear | vb | unkythe, unsighten, fordwindle, show away | - | |
| disappoint | vb | let down | - | |
| disarm | vb | unweapon | - | |
| disarrange | vb | rumple, tousle | - | |
| disaster | n | ill-hap, banefall, banespill, baneburst, banestrike, grimming | harrow-hap | |
| disastrous | adj | baneful, deadly, dreadful, black, hapless, harmful, doomfull, wrackful | - | |
| discard | vb | get rid of, deep-six | awayen | |
| discharge | vb | - | unload | |
| disciple | n | - | loreknight (<OE larcniht) | |
| discipline | n/vb | learnship | (be)tought(en) | |
| disclaim | vb | foreswear, forego | mishold, unhold | |
| disclose | vb | bare, show, tell | - | |
| disconcerting | adj | offputting, upsetting | - | |
| discontinue | vb | cut, end | - | |
| discount | n | - | falloff (c.f. Ic. af-fall) | |
| discourse | n | talk, speech, spell (also as a suffix -spel e.g. lifespel - 'life's discourse/ path') | wordling/wordering (<OE wordlung/*wordrung, cf. wordrian) | |
| discourse, area of | n | - | wordlingbereach (wordling [see above] + bereach, cf. NHG Diskursbereich) | |
| discourse | vb | talk, speak | wordle/worder (<OE wordlian/wordrian) | |
| discover | vb & phr | find, come upon, happen upon, beget, behold, bring to light, ken, get hold of, get wise to, see, witness | onfind, anddeck | |
| discovery | n | - | onfinding, anddecking | |
| discredit | vb | smirch | - | |
| discriminate | n | treat unfairly | beshed (<OE bescéadan) | |
| discuss | vb | talk about, talk over, talk through | - | |
| disease | n | addle, cothe, sickness, illness, wanhaleness | - | |
| disease, skin | n | tetter | skinaddle | |
| disfigure | vb | mar, misshape | - | |
| disgrace | n & vb | shame, shend | - | |
| disgusting | adj | loathely, wlatsome, foul, pukening, gruesome, ghastly, rank | - | |
| dishevel | vb | tousle, rumple, tangle | - | |
| disheveled | adj | tousled, thrummy | - | |
| disinclined | adj | loath | - | |
| disinfect | vb | - | unsmittle | |
| disinfectant | adj | - | unsmittlesome | |
| disinfectant | n | - | unsmittler | |
| disk | n | - | shife (cf. Du. shijf, NHG Scheibe), round, flat | |
| dislike | vb | mislike | - | |
| dismember | vb | - | alithe, unlimb | |
| dismiss | vb | snub, slight, sack, fire | - | |
| disobedience | n | - | overhearness (<OE oferhirness) | |
| disobedient | adj | unhold, unhearsome, hardheaded, stubborn, wayward | - | |
| disordered | adj | unsided, throughanother | - | |
| disperse | vb | scatter, spread, strew | todrive, tofare | |
| displace | vb | uproot | unord | |
| display | n | reading window | - | |
| displease | vb | weary, irk | athreet [past athrote, ppt athrotten] (<OE aþreótan) | |
| disposable | adj | throwaway | - | |
| disposal | n | deep-six | - | |
| disprove | vb | belie | - | |
| dispute | vb | call out against, moot, belie, half-believe | - | |
| disqualify | vb | unfit | - | |
| disregard | vb | overlook, forheed | - | |
| disruption | n | upheaving | - | |
| dissect | vb | sithe, cut up | - | |
| dissemble | vb | - | atlike | |
| dissolution | n | breakup | - | |
| dissonance | n | strife | pitchclash | |
| distance | n | span, stretch, farness | - | |
| distant | adj | 1. aferron, far, faraway, far off 2. aloof, standoffish | - | |
| distilate | n | - | of-burn, forsteam | |
| distort | vb | twist, throw, warp | - | |
| distract | vb | throw off | heed off, mind off | |
| distraught | adj | woeful, awondered, amazed | - | |
| distress | vb | harry, harrow, unfrith, to-slite, to-tear | - | |
| distribute | vb | deal out, hand out, give out, fordeal, bedeal, of-give, out-mete, share | brit (<OE, bryttian) | |
| distribution | n | fordealing, bedealing, out-meting, of-giving, forspreading, outdealing, dealing-out, spread | - | |
| district | n | shire, riding, leet, -wick, wike, stretch | - | |
| distrust | vb | forthink, mistrust | - | |
| disturb | vb | stir | dreve (<OE dréfan) | |
| disturbance | n | - | roughhouse, stirring, dreefing, dreep-hap | |
| diurnal | adj | daily, dayish | - | |
| diverse | adj | manifold, sundry, manikind | - | |
| divert | n | - | of-lead | |
| divide | n | split, gap | - | |
| divide | vb | cleave, shed, split, sunder, share, of-mete, deal | to-tweem (<OE to-twaémen) | |
| divination | n | - | wile (<OE wigle) | |
| divine | adj | godly, holy | wily | |
| divinity | n | holiness, godhood | - | |
| division | n | cleaving, splitting, tweeming, shedding, sundering | to-tweeming | |
| divorce | n | - | wedcleave, wedcleaving, wedlockcleave, wedlockcleaving | |
| docile | adj | meek | - | |
| doctor, medical | n | healer, healthsmith | leech | |
| document | n | writ, wrote | - | |
| dogma | n | - | ground lief | |
| dolphin | n | mereswine (cf. Ger. meerschwein, OE mereswīn, O.N. marswīn) | tumbler (c.f. NHG: Tümmler) | |
| domain | n | - | lorddom | |
| domestic | vb | homeland (politics), house, household, every-day | - | |
| domesticate | vb | tame | houseteach, houserede | |
| dominate | vb | overweigh, (lord it over), (have the say), (have clout), (keep down), (keep under), lead, (have might over), (have sway over), inthrall, bestride, top, outtop, overtop, (rise above), own | - | |
| donate | vb | bestow, give, overgive, yield | - | |
| donation | n | gift, yeld | - | |
| doppelgänger | n | look-alike, evil look-alike, ill-boding look-alike | - | |
| dormant | adj | sleeping, drowsing | - | |
| dormitory | n | sleepstow, bedroom | - | |
| dorsal | adj | back | - | |
| dosage | n | muchness | - | |
| double | n | twosome, twin | - | |
| double | vb | twofold, twicen, twicefold | - | |
| double stack | adj | two-row, staggered | - | |
| doubt | n | qualm, niggle, wonder | ink (<OE inca; ME inke) | |
| douse | vb | drench | - | |
| dozen | adj | twelve | - | |
| dozen | n | tens | - | |
| draconian | adj | - | draconish, harsh, rough | |
| dragon | n | drake | lindworm | |
| dragonfly | n | - | Adder-fly, adderbolt | |
| dramatic | adj | lively, startling, bustling, uproarish, striking, stirring, quickening, thrilling, overdone, underplayed | - | |
| dramatist | n | playwright | - | |
| dress | n | bodyskirt, fullskirt, long skirt | - | |
| dress | vb | clothe, trim, ready, don, doff, agraith | - | |
| dromadary | n | - | drylander | |
| dual | adj | twin, twofold | - | |
| dub | vb | name, call | - | |
| dubious | adj & phr | hard to believe, of two minds, fickle, dark, shifty, ill-gotten, trustless, untrustworthy,unsettled | - | |
| duchy | n | - | aldermanry, heratowerdom | |
| due | adj | owing | - | |
| duel | n | - | twifight, twistruggle | |
| duet | n | - | twising | |
| dugong | n | - | seacow | |
| duke | n | - | alderman (<OE ealdorman) | |
| dunce | n | mouth breather | - | |
| during | prep | throughout | bewhile | |
| Dutch | adj | - | Lowlandish, Netherlandish | |
| Dutchman | n | - | Lowlander, Netherlander | |
| duvet | n | bedspread, eiderdown | - | |
| dynamic | n | snell | speedfast, bewayfull | |
| dynasty | n | - | erverike | |
| dysentery | n | - | reddrif (<OE drif: fever) | |
| dysfunctional | adj | unworking, badworking | - | |
| dyslexic | n | - | wordblind | |
